This use case involves compatible users replacing private car ownership with shared, sustainable alternatives.

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Compatible Supply and Demand

This is one of the simplest possible use cases. It involves two users replacing their private cars with:

• 1 Shared Access EV (SAEV)

• 1 folding e-bike

• 1 rail season ticket

Together, these cover the same journeys as the two users' cars, but only if they have compatible needs for the new shared service, in this case they need to use the SAEV at different times. When one of the car commuters shown above converts to cycling, their demand for a car changes. By cycling to work and using the SAEV for other journeys they no longer need to the car. The other a compatible car commuter continues to drive to work but does not use a car at other times. Compatible supply and demand needs to be established before any changes are made in the real world, otherwise costs are increased as shown in the diagram below. Establishing compatible supply and demand is similar to conventional crowdfunding but instead of raising a one off amount of capital, the end point is agreeing to cover the costs of the new shared services. In this decentralised form of crowdfunding an agreement is made through a smart contract that manages the pay-per-use rate of new services. Demand for each service, in this case e-bike and shared access EV, is represented by an ‘Information Token’ describing cost, availability, and conditions. Users “commit” by holding a quantity of these Information Tokens, locking them in escrow. The smart contract commits users by freezing these tokens until all conditions are met, similar to a crowdfunding escrow.

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